Pneumatic buffer.



PATENTED MAR. 19, 1907.

M. P. HAYWARD.

PNBUMATIC BUFFER.

APPLIGATION FILED FEB.13.19`06.

man sfrarns .rafrnnfr ivi-@a MELvrLLE P. FAYwARn, or QUrNoY, MASSACHUSETTS.

Pneumatic BUFFERv To a/ZZ whomI it ntf/.y colte/uvt."

Be it known that l, MELVILLE P. HAY- WARD, a cltlzen of the United States, residing 'at Quincy, in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Buffers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to pneumatic buf fers designed especially for use upon cars,

motor-vehicles, and thelike as a substitute for the springs ordinarily employed, and has for its objects to produce a comparativelysimple inexpensive deviceof this character in which the movable member or piston will travel smoothly and evenly in its mover ments-fone which in practice will present `the requisite load-sustaining capacity and one in which the outward movement of the piston will be efi'ectually governed for pre venting sudden movements thereof and oby viating objectionable shocks.

ranged in slidable telescopic engagement of which is clos'ed by a base piece or wall 4,

with the member 2, the normally lower end bolted or otherwise secured in place, there being threaded onto the upper end of the cylinder 2 a coupling member or nut 5, containing a packing-ring 6, forming a liquid and air tight joint between the cylinder and piston, which latter is closed at its upper or outer end, as at 7.

Extending centrally through the piston 3 and connected at its u per end between ears 8, provided on thewal 7, is a plungenrod 9,

' having a head 10, fitted in a plunger cylinder or barrel 11, in turn arranged centrally in the cylinder 2, said barrel fixed at its lower end to the base 4 and having at its upper Y, end a wall or head 12, tothe outer face of which is secured packing gaskets or rings 13, fitted in theinteriorof the piston 3, while the rod 9 is entered into the barrel I Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 13, 1906. Serial No. 300.920.

lratented` March 19, 1907.

through a stuffing-box 14, provided lon the i I wall 12 and containing a suitable packing member-15, designed to prevent leakage `of liquid or fluid around the rod. Thecylinder 6o 2 and barrel 11 are partially filled at one side of the wall 12, which constitutes, in

I effect, a central partition within the buffer, respectively, with oil or other liquid 16 and 16, it being mentioned in this connection that the liquid in the barrel is distinct from l that in the cylinder or, in other words, that vthe barrel and cylinder are free from communication one with the other, as more fully f hereinafter explained. Tapped into the hollow piston 3 at a point lnear its outer end is a valve-controlled mpple 17, towhich may be coupled a suitable point for filling the piston 3 above the partition 12 with air or other fiuid under pres- In practice the cylinder 2 is nearly filled with liquid and the piston filled with com' pressed air or other fiuid, and whenv the piston 3 moves inward under pressure the air 8 therein .vill be compressed, while the plunger 10 will be forced through the liquid 16, which will oder a due amount of resistance for cushioning the plunger in its movements, while the movement of ythe' plunger is rendered possible owingto the liquid passing through the opening 18 from one side to the other'of the plungerhead, it being understood thatl on inward movement of the piston 3 the liquid contained inthe space between the body 1 and inner barrel 1.1 will be displaced by. the piston to permit inward movement of the latter, an in, further, thatthis displacement of the liqul 3.1. its rendered possible owing to the fact that`Vvv fue space is only partially filled, as before f i'tioned In this connection it may be??y plained that the liquid in the space between I`the barrel and cylinder is'distinct from that contained within the, barrelandis employed solely for lubricating purposes .to relieve friction between the piston and cylinder during relative movement 4of the parts. When the pressure is relieved upon the 'piston 3, the air in expanding will of course force the piston outward, the outward movement of the piston`being, however, governed bythe action of the liquid upon the head 10, thus sure, while formed in the head 10, which in lOO IOS

f quick sudden outward Inove- V )ne piston, the outward lnoveinent iiiioh 'aviii be limited owing to the head l() iinff in contact with the Woll 12. lt is apunder this construction the liqf-i the plunger l() es e cheek for ie movements of' the piston 3,

steady uniform movement of obvieting any sudden jerkyv` the piston.

nur fiesoriloed in v invention, what v therein for relative sliding nieveege inner barrel hired in the cylinder e the class described comprising` g leeve, zi tubular piston iitted teleand havingr a head forming a. partition `"Ifetween the cylinder and piston, sind borrel anti cylinder being partly filled with liqi1 lil at `ELVILLE l). HAYWARD.

Witnesses:

F. J. NivER, W, L Dioenfrr. 

